Urban run-off was collected and firstly analyzed for stablishing a baseline. It was detected the presence of Pd in the range of µg/L. Therefore, concentration steps must be carried out for reaching the scale of mg/L. For that purpose, forward osmosis and/or electrodialysis will be used. After reaching the targeted concentration, Pd and Pt will be recovered ad PdCl2 and Pt(NO3)4, precursors of PdO and PtO2, widely used as catalysts.

Solar photo-Fenton is being evaluated as AOP and in combination with NBS to ensure safe (elimination of microplastics and hydrocarbons) reclaimed water for indirect aquifer recharge and other uses by the treatment of urban runoff.

Different substrates are being evaluated in the lab taking into account different factors (composition, porosity, HRT, pollutant concentration). After the performance alone, combination of substrates will be tested adding different plant species to optimize the bio tile.

Solar photo-Fenton process is based on the use of solar light in the UV range to regenerate Fenton reaction (catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ in the presence of Fe²⁺ at acidic pH to generate •OH) without H₂O₂ consumption and generating extra •OH.

In this solution, solar photo-Fenton is being tested in a concentrating reactor: the so called compound parabolic collector (CPC). The CPC is able to concentrate up to 10 suns through its geometric reflective shape and results to be the best choice when treating industrial wastewaters by solar photo-Fenton.

Different operational conditions are tested including reaction time, UV radiation source (artificial UV lamp or solar light), Fenton reagents concentration and pH (neutral pH will be tested considering the use of organic chelating agents such as ethylenediamine-N,N’-disuccinic acid or nitrilotriacetic acid to avoid Fe precipitation).

Solar photo-Fenton is being evaluated as AOP polishing treatment to obtain safe reclaimed water (elimination of CECs and pathogens) for direct aquifer recharge and other uses from urban wastewaters.

Solar photo-Fenton process is based on the use of solar light in the UV range to regenerate Fenton reaction (catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ in the presence of Fe²⁺ at acidic pH to generate •OH) without H₂O₂ consumption and generating extra •OH.

In this solution Solar photo-Fenton is being tested in a raceway pond reactor, a cheaper configuration that allows varying the illuminated surface by varying the liquid depth and obtaining high micropollutant removal efficiencies with low investment and operating costs.

Different operational conditions are tested including reaction time, Fenton reagents concentration and liquid depth.

Ammonium stripping using liquid-liquid membrane contactors is an improved stripping process where the contact surface between feed and stripping acid is increased by using a polypropylene hydrophobic membrane which allows the pass of non-charged substances such as ammonia gas from the feed side to the other side of the membrane where is reacts with the stripping acid to form an ammonium salt. Therefore, the initial pH is adjusted to 10, for transforming the ammonium into ammonia at 85% and allow its diffusion through the membrane pores to the other side. In the case of the NINFA project, organic acids, namely lactic, acetic and citric acids were used as stripping acids for avoiding the increase of salinity of soils, one of the main problems when mineral fertilizers are applied.

Solar photo-Fenton is being evaluated as AOP in combination with stripping with membranes contactors to obtain a safe liquid fertiliser (elimination of CECs and pathogens) from the liquid fraction of dairy wastewater.

Solar photo-Fenton process is based on the use of solar light in the UV range to regenerate Fenton reaction (catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ in the presence of Fe²⁺ at acidic pH to generate •OH) without H₂O₂ consumption and generating extra •OH.

In this solution Solar photo-Fenton is being tested in a raceway pond reactor, a cheaper configuration that allows varying the illuminated surface by varying the liquid depth and obtaining high micropollutant removal efficiencies with low investment and operating costs.

Different operational conditions are tested including reaction time, Fenton reagents concentration and liquid depth.